
Corporate cash is splitting into builders and returners
Here is our read. Capital allocation used to be one playbook: build some, return some, keep the balance sheet tidy. That playbook has split. Five companies now invest like utilities. Almost everyone else runs as a cash machine for shareholders. Neither is wrong. But a company that drifted into a camp without choosing it carries a risk it never priced.
Capex took 73% of the cash the five deployed in 2025, up from 47% in 2019. The other 1,310 large US companies returned 52% of theirs.SEC XBRL filings, 1,315 US companies with revenue over $1B. Stratonomics, Q4 2026.
Where the frame breaks: "everyone else" is not one bloc. Utilities put 79% of their cash into capex, telecom 55% and energy 48%, while technology companies outside the five returned 66%. The five did not stop returning cash either: $136 billion in 2025, more than the $78 billion of 2019. And the utility comparison ends at the spending. A utility earns a return a regulator sets. The five earn whatever customers pay for the capacity, after they have paid for it.
Is your company a builder or a returner, and did anyone decide that on purpose?
